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On the asymptotic joint distribution of sample space-time covariance estimators
We study the asymptotic joint distribution of sample space–time covariance estimators of strictly stationary random fields. We do this without any marginal or joint...- publication PDF
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GPS sounding of the atmosphere from low earth orbit: Preliminary results
This paper provides an overview of the methodology of and describes preliminary results from an experiment called GPS/MET (Global Positioning System/Meteorology), in which...- publication PDF
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Investigation of cirrus cloud properties in the tropical tropopause layer...
Tropical-tropopause-layer cirrus clouds and their radiative effects represent a major uncertainty in the evaluation of Earth’s energy budget. High-altitude aircraft offer an...- publication PDF
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17 O-excess in tropical cyclones reflects local rain re-evaporation more...
O-17-excess is a relatively new water isotope parameter that could potentially provide useful information about the hydrological cycle. Previous works focusing on O-17-excess in...- publication PDF
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Factors that influenced preferences regarding use of public and private...
This study examines factors shaping individuals' preferences for use of tornado shelters in public and private facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing over 6000...- publication PDF
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Rainfall occurrence in the U.S. warm season: The diurnal cycle
The diurnal occurrence of warm-season rainfall over the U.S. mainland is examined, particularly in light of forcings at multiple scales. The analysis is based on a radar dataset...- publication PDF
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Cloud-scale ice-supersaturated regions spatially correlate with high water...
Cirrus clouds have large yet uncertain impacts on Earth's climate. Ice supersaturation (ISS) -- where the relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) is greater than 100% -- is...- publication PDF
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Exploring NWS forecasters' assessment of AI guidance trustworthiness
As artificial intelligence (AI) methods are increasingly used to develop new guidance intended for operational use by forecasters, it is critical to evaluate whether forecasters...- publication PDF
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An ion drag contribution to the lower thermospheric wind in the summer polar region
Using the European incoherent scatter (EISCAT) Svalbard radar located in Longyearbyen (78.2°N, 16.0°E) and with the EISCAT UHF radar located in Tromsø (69.6°N, 19.2°E), we have...- publication PDF
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An offline coupling of fire spread models to simulate the 2021 Marshall Fire
Background. Existing fire spread models focus exclusively on wildland or urban fire simulation. Aims. This study aims at an offline coupling of two fire spread models to enable...- publication PDF
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Attribution of extreme events to climate change in the Australian region – A review
Extreme event attribution is a rapidly growing field of climate science with important implications for public and government understanding of human-induced climate change....- publication PDF
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Evaluating different geothermal heat-flow maps as basal boundary conditions...
There is currently poor scientific agreement on whether the ice–bed interface is frozen or thawed beneath approximately one third of the Greenland ice sheet. This disagreement...- publication PDF
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A numerical study of the high latitudinal ion-neutral coupling time scale...
When solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) disturb, thermospheric winds change accordingly. Among the momentum forces driving high-latitude thermospheric winds, ion...- publication PDF
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Precipitation regime of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, derived from...
The precipitation regime of Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica, was studied using Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) archive data. Precipitation is the most...- publication PDF
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Decadal prediction centers prepare for a major volcanic eruption
The World Meteorological Organization’s Lead Centre for Annual-to-Decadal Climate Prediction issues operational forecasts annually as guidance for regional climate...- publication PDF
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Cross‐attractor transforms: Improving forecasts by learning optimal maps...
Biased, incomplete numerical models are often used for forecasting states of complex dynamical systems by mapping an estimate of a “true” initial state into model...- publication PDF
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Bridging the gap between global weather prediction and global...
We introduce a 6.5‐km version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)'s System for High‐resolution prediction on Earth‐to‐Local Domains...- publication PDF
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Results of the PMIP2 coupled simulations of the mid-Holocene and Last...
A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere(-vegetation) simulations using state of the art climate models is now available for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Mid-Holocene (MH)...- publication PDF
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Tropical and Antarctic sea ice impacts of observed Southern Ocean warming...
Southern Ocean (SO) sea surface temperatures (SSTs) warmed from approximately 1949–1978 and cooled slightly from 1979–2013. We compare the remote impacts of these SO trends...- publication PDF
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To what extent does river routing matter in hydrological modeling?
Spatially distributed hydrology and land surface models are typically applied in combination with river routing schemes that convert instantaneous runoff into streamflow....- publication PDF
