edu.ucar.opensky::articles:22448 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-25T15:40:10.704746 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7zg6w9q https://doi.org/10.5066/F7S180ZP https Related Dataset #1 Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Applications (HDMA) Data https://doi.org/10.5880/WSM.2016.001 https Related Dataset #2 World Stress Map Database Release 2016 Hillslope hydrology in global change research and Earth System Modeling 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7zg6w9q https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023903 Fan, Y. author Clark, Martyn P. author Lawrence, David M. author Swenson, Sean author Band, L. E. author Brantley, S. L. author Brooks, P. D. author Dietrich, W. E. author Flores, A. author Grant, G. author Kirchner, J. W. author Mackay, D. S. author McDonnell, J. J. author Milly, P. C. D. author Sullivan, P. L. author Tague, C. author Ajami, H. author Chaney, N. author Hartmann, A. author Hazenberg, P. author McNamara, J. author Pelletier, J. author Perket, Justin author Rouholahnejad-Freund, E. author Wagener, T. author Zeng, X. author Beighley, E. author Buzan, J. author Huang, M. author Livneh, B. author Mohanty, B. P. author Nijssen, B. author Safeeq, M. author Shen, C. author Verseveld, W. author Volk, J. author Yamazaki, D. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Earth System Models (ESMs) are essential tools for understanding and predicting global change, but they cannot explicitly resolve hillslope-scale terrain structures that fundamentally organize water, energy, and biogeochemical stores and fluxes at subgrid scales. Here we bring together hydrologists, Critical Zone scientists, and ESM developers, to explore how hillslope structures may modulate ESM grid-level water, energy, and biogeochemical fluxes. In contrast to the one-dimensional (1-D), 2- to 3-m deep, and free-draining soil hydrology in most ESM land models, we hypothesize that 3-D, lateral ridge-to-valley flow through shallow and deep paths and insolation contrasts between sunny and shady slopes are the top two globally quantifiable organizers of water and energy (and vegetation) within an ESM grid cell. We hypothesize that these two processes are likely to impact ESM predictions where (and when) water and/or energy are limiting. We further hypothesize that, if implemented in ESM land models, these processes will increase simulated continental water storage and residence time, buffering terrestrial ecosystems against seasonal and interannual droughts. We explore efficient ways to capture these mechanisms in ESMs and identify critical knowledge gaps preventing us from scaling up hillslope to global processes. One such gap is our extremely limited knowledge of the subsurface, where water is stored (supporting vegetation) and released to stream baseflow (supporting aquatic ecosystems). We conclude with a set of organizing hypotheses and a call for global syntheses activities and model experiments to assess the impact of hillslope hydrology on global change predictions. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2019 American Geophysical Union. None eng geoscientificInformation