Identification

Title

Changes in coastal upwelling in the northern Gulf of Guinea under Stratospheric Aerosol Injection

Abstract

This study aims to assess the impact of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) on the coastal upwelling in the northern Gulf of Guinea based, on upwelling index computation and using the Community Earth System Model from the Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS) project. GLENS project targets not only maintaining the global temperature but also the interhemispheric and equator-to-pole temperature gradient at their 2020 values by preventing part of the solar radiation from reaching the Earth's surface under a RCP8.5 scenario. The results show that along the coast of the northern Gulf of Guinea main upwelling cells are to the east of Cape Palmas and Cape Three Points, and that upwelling is most intense in the Ghana region compared to Cote d'Ivoire region. It is also found that Ekman transport associated with geostrophic flow can explain a large part of the intensity of the coastal upwelling in the northern Gulf of Guinea. Geostrophic flow towards the coast reduces upwelling intensity, especially in the Ghana region. In the context of global warming, boreal summer upwelling intensity decreases all along the coast by 6% (with 2% in the Cote d'Ivoire region and a more significant decrease of 10% in the Ghana region). This decrease in upwelling intensity is linked to the intensification of geostrophic flow towards the coast. Under SAI, coastal upwelling intensity is still decreased by 5% along the coast (with 3% in the Cote d'Ivoire region and 6% in the Ghana region), but this decrease is relatively weak compared to global warming. This increase in upwelling intensity compared with climate change, especially in Ghana, is associated with a 50% reduction in the effect of geostrophic flow limitation with respect to global warming. During the minor upwelling season, the upwelling intensity increases, due to Ekman transport, both under the climate change and SAI.

Resource type

document

Resource locator

Unique resource identifier

code

https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d78k7f9j

codeSpace

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

geoscientificInformation

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Text

originating controlled vocabulary

title

Resource Type

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

East bounding longitude

North bounding latitude

South bounding latitude

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

End position

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2024-12-01T00:00:00Z

Frequency of update

Quality and validity

Lineage

Conformity

Data format

name of format

version of format

Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Use constraints

Limitations on public access

None

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

contact position

OpenSky Support

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Library

full postal address

PO Box 3000

Boulder

80307-3000

email address

opensky@ucar.edu

web address

http://opensky.ucar.edu/

name: homepage

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact