edu.ucar.opensky::articles:15338 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T15:01:11.186027 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7qv3njf Neutral wind effect in producing a storm time ionospheric additional layer in the equatorial ionization anomaly region 2009-09-25T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7qv3njf https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JA014050 Lin, C. author Richmond, Arthur D. author Bailey, G. author Liu, J. author Lu, Gang author Heelis, R. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher A new type of the additional layer is predicted to occur in the low-latitude F region ionosphere during evening hours of a major magnetic storm. By using the coupled NCAR Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) and Sheffield University Plasmasphere Ionosphere Model (SUPIM) runs during the major magnetic storm of 29-30 October 2003, we present a new type of additional layer which occurs at the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) by a new physical mechanism. This mechanism requires that storm time meridional neutral wind surges travel from high to low latitudes and cross into the opposite hemisphere. The wind surges modify the field-aligned plasma velocities in the EIA regions significantly after uplift of the ionospheric layer by a penetration electric field and interact with the downward field-aligned plasma velocities of the enhanced equatorial fountain. The combined storm effects of the enhanced plasma fountain and the neutral wind surges result in plasma convergence in altitude and form the additional layers underneath the EIA crests. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2009 American Geophysical Union. None eng geoscientificInformation