edu.ucar.opensky::articles:22578 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-25T15:32:07.172032 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7057k10 https://doi.org/10.5065/D67H1H0V https Related Software #1 Community Earth System Model - CESM2.0 Quantifying gravity wave forcing using scale invariance 2019-06-13T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7057k10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10527-z Liu, Hanli author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Despite the increasing resolution, forcing on the mean circulation by resolved waves in general circulation models is not yet converging. Parameterization of the forcing remains a major source of model uncertainty. This study examines the scale invariance of zonal spectra of momentum flux and wave forcing, and shows that it can be used to quantify the forcing by unresolved waves with knowledge of the resolved ones in global models. The result reveals the leading order importance of the small-scale wave forcing, which is in general agreement with that required for obtaining the zonal mean wind climatology. It is also found that wave and mean flow interaction is important in maintaining the robust spectral structure. This method may provide a strategy to design physically consistent and scale-aware parameterization schemes for scale invariant quantities, when a model has sufficient resolution to partially resolve their spectra. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2019 Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. None eng geoscientificInformation