edu.ucar.opensky::articles:25460 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T22:47:28.869305 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d76m3bjn Comparison between observed and simulated Agl seeding impacts in a well-observed case from the SNOWIE field program 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d76m3bjn https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0103.1 Xue, Lulin author Weeks, Courtney author Chen, Sisi author Tessendorf, Sarah A. author Rasmussen, Roy M. author Ikeda, Kyoko author Kosović, Branko author Behringer, D. author French, J. R. author Friedrich, K. author Zaremba, T. J. author Rauber, R. M. author Lackner, C. P. author Geerts, B. author Blestrud, D. author Kunkel, M. author Dawson, N. author Parkinson, S. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher A dry-air intrusion induced by the tropopause folding split the deep cloud into two layers resulting in a shallow orographic cloud with a supercooled liquid cloud top at around -15 degrees C and an ice cloud above it on 19 January 2017 during the Seeded and Natural Orographic Wintertime Clouds: The Idaho Experiment (SNOWIE). The airborne AgI seeding of this case was simulated by the WRF Weather Modification (WRF-WxMod) Model with different configurations. Simulations at different grid spacing, driven by different reanalysis data, using different model physics were conducted to explore the ability of WRF-WxMod to capture the properties of natural and seeded clouds. The detailed model-observation comparisons show that the simulation driven by ERA5 data, using Thompson-Eidhammer microphysics with 30% of the CCN climatology, best captured the observed cloud structure and supercooled liquid water properties. The ability of the model to correctly capture the wind field was critical for successful simulation of the seeding plume locations. The seeding plume features and ice number concentrations within them from the large-eddy simulations (LES) are in better agreement with observations than non-LES runs mostly due to weaker AgI dispersion associated with the finer grid spacing. Seeding effects on precipitation amount and impacted areas from LES seeding simulations agreed well with radar-derived values. This study shows that WRF-WxMod is able to simulate and quantify observed features of natural and seeded clouds given that critical observations are available to validate the model. Observation-constrained seeding ensemble simulations are proposed to quantify the AgI seeding impacts on wintertime orographic clouds. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2022 American Meteorological Society None eng geoscientificInformation