edu.ucar.opensky::articles:24643 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T23:09:09.546395 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7c82dqf Extrapolating shortwave geostationary satellite imagery of clouds into nighttime using longwave observations 2021-07-08T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7c82dqf https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.15.038501 Rugg Stebbins, Allyson Lyman Rugg author Haggerty, Julie A. author Adriaansen, Daniel author Smith, W. L. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The lack of shortwave (SW, visible, and near-infrared) geostationary satellite data at night results in degradation of many weather forecasts and real-time diagnostic products. We present a method to extrapolate SW GOES-16 advanced baseline imager data through night using nighttime longwave (LW, infrared) observations and the relationships between LW and SW data observed during the previous day. The method is not a forecast since it requires LW nighttime observations but can provide continuity through day, night, and satellite terminator hours. To provide performance statistics, the algorithm is applied during the day so the SWextrapolations can be compared to observations. Typical mean absolute errors (MAEs) range from 1.0% to 12.7% reflectance depending on the SW channel. These MAEs can be predicted using a diagnostic metric called 0-hMAE which quantifies the quality of the algorithm's input data. In addition to quantitative error statistics, three case studies are presented, including an animation of extrapolated imagery from dusk through dawn. Considerations for future improvements include use of convolutional neural networks and/or object-based extrapolations where mesoscale features are extrapolated individually. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. None eng geoscientificInformation