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Version 1.0 https://doi.org/10.15138/G3G01J https Related Dataset #2 Multi-laboratory compilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide data for the years 2016-2017; obspack_co2_1_NRT_v3.3_2017-04-19 https://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/input4MIPs.1127 https Related Dataset #3 Harmonization of global land use scenarios (LUH2): Historical v2.1h 850 - 2015 https://doi.org/10.17595/20180208.001 https Related Dataset #4 Atmospheric CO2 mole fraction data of CONTRAIL-CME https://doi.org/10.15138/G3059Z https Related Dataset #5 Multi-laboratory compilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide data for the period 1957-2015; obspack_co2_1_GLOBALVIEWplus_v2.1_2016-09-02 https://doi.org/10.18160/GCP-2018 https Related Dataset #6 Supplemental data of Global Carbon Project 2018 https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1556 https Related Dataset #7 ACT-America: L2 In Situ Atmospheric CO2, CO, CH4, and O3 Concentrations, Eastern USA https://doi.org/10.5065/D6SB445X https Related Dataset #8 ORCAS Merge Products. Version 1.0 Global carbon budget 2018 2018-12-05T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d78055k6 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2141-2018 Le Quéré, C. author Andrew, R. M. author Friedlingstein, P. author Sitch, S. author Hauck, J. author Pongratz, J. author Pickers, P. A. author Korsbakken, J. I. author Peters, G. P. author Canadell, J. G. author Arneth, A. author Arora, V. K. author Barbero, L. author Bastos, A. author Bopp, L. author Chevallier, F. author Chini, L. P. author Ciais, P. author Doney, S. C. author Gkritzalis, T. author Goll, D. S. author Harris, I. author Haverd, V. author Hoffman, F. M. author Hoppema, M. author Houghton, R. A. author Hurtt, G. author Ilyina, T. author Jain, A. K. author Johannessen, T. author Jones, C. D. author Kato, E. author Keeling, R. F. author Goldewijk, K. K. author Landschützer, P. author Lefèvre, N. author Lienert, S. author Liu, Z. author Lombardozzi, Danica author Metzl, N. author Munro, D. R. author Nabel, J. E. M. S. author Nakaoka, S. author Neill, C. author Olsen, A. author Ono, T. author Patra, P. author Peregon, A. author Peters, W. author Peylin, P. author Pfeil, B. author Pierrot, D. author Poulter, B. author Rehder, G. author Resplandy, L. author Robertson, E. author Rocher, M. author Rödenbeck, C. author Schuster, U. author Schwinger, J. author Séférian, R. author Skjelvan, I. author Steinhoff, T. author Sutton, A. author Tans, P. P. author Tian, H. author Tilbrook, B. author Tubiello, F. N. author van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T. author van der Werf, G. R. author Viovy, N. author Walker, A. P. author Wiltshire, A. J. author Wright, R. author Zaehle, S. author Zheng, B. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere - the "global carbon budget" - is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. Here we describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. Fossil CO2 emissions (E-FF) are based on energy statistics and cement production data, while emissions from land use and land-use change (E-LUC), mainly deforestation, are based on land use and land -use change data and bookkeeping models. Atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its growth rate (G(ATM)) is computed from the annual changes in concentration. The ocean CO2 sink (S-OCEAN) and terrestrial CO2 sink (S-LAND) are estimated with global process models constrained by observations. The resulting carbon budget imbalance (B-IM), the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere, is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle. All uncertainties are reported as +/- 1 sigma. For the last decade available (2008-2017), E-FF was 9.4 +/- 0.5 GtC yr(-1), E-LUC 1.5 +/- 0.7 GtC yr(-1), G(ATM) 4.7 +/- 0.02 GtC yr(-1), S-OCEAN 2.4 +/- 0.5 GtC yr(-1), and S-LAND 3.2 +/- 0.8 GtC yr(-1), with a budget imbalance B-IM of 0.5 GtC yr(-1) indicating overestimated emissions and/or underestimated sinks. For the year 2017 alone, the growth in E-FF was about 1.6 % and emissions increased to 9.9 +/- 0.5 GtC yr(-1). Also for 2017, E-LUC was 1.4 +/- 0.7 GtC yr(-1), G(ATM) was 4.6 +/- 0.2 GtC yr(-1), S-OCEAN was 2.5 +/- 0.5 GtC yr(-1), and S-LAND was 3.8 +/- 0.8 GtC yr(-1), with a B-IM of 0.3 GtC. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration reached 405.0 +/- 0.1 ppm averaged over 2017. For 2018, preliminary data for the first 6-9 months indicate a renewed growth in E-FF of +2.7 % (range of 1.8 % to 3.7 %) based on national emission projections for China, the US, the EU, and India and projections of gross domestic product corrected for recent changes in the carbon intensity of the economy for the rest of the world. The analysis presented here shows that the mean and trend in the five components of the global carbon budget are consistently estimated over the period of 1959-2017, but discrepancies of up to 1 GtC yr(-1) persist for the representation of semi-decadal variability in CO2 fluxes. A detailed comparison among individual estimates and the introduction of a broad range of observations show (1) no consensus in the mean and trend in land -use change emissions, (2) a persistent low agreement among the different methods on the magnitude of the land CO2 flux in the northern extra-tropics, and (3) an apparent underestimation of the CO2 variability by ocean models, originating outside the tropics. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2018 Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. None eng geoscientificInformation