edu.ucar.opensky::articles:23391 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-25T15:09:15.256039 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7jm2dv7 https://doi.org/10.25364/WEGC/OPS5.6:2019.1 https Related Dataset #1 Wegener Center GNSS Radio Occultation Record Consistency and structural uncertainty of multi-mission GPS radio occultation records 2020-05-20T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7jm2dv7 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2547-2020 Steiner, A. K. author Ladstädter, F. author Ao, C. O. author Gleisner, H. author Ho, S. author Hunt, Douglas C. author Schmidt, T. author Foelsche, U. author Kirchengast, G. author Kuo, Ying-Hwa author Lauritsen, K. B. author Mannucci, A. J. author Nielsen, J. K. author Schreiner, William S. author Schwärz, M. author Sokolovskiy, Sergey author Syndergaard, S. author Wickert, J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Atmospheric climate monitoring requires observations of high quality that conform to the criteria of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Radio occultation (RO) data based on Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are available since 2001 from several satellite missions with global coverage, high accuracy, and high vertical resolution in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. We assess the consistency and long-term stability of multi-satellite RO observations for use as climate data records. As a measure of long-term stability, we quantify the structural uncertainty of RO data products arising from different processing schemes. We analyze atmospheric variables from bending angle to temperature for four RO missions, CHAMP, Formosat-3/COSMIC, GRACE, and Metop, provided by five data centers. The comparisons are based on profile-to-profile differences aggregated to monthly medians. Structural uncertainty in trends is found to be lowest from 8 to 25 km of altitude globally for all inspected RO variables and missions. For temperature, it is < 0.05K per decade in the global mean and < 0.1K per decade at all latitudes. Above 25 km, the uncertainty increases for CHAMP, while data from the other missions - based on advanced receivers - are usable to higher altitudes for climate trend studies: dry temperature to 35 km, refractivity to 40 km, and bending angle to 50 km. Larger differences in RO data at high altitudes and latitudes are mainly due to different implementation choices in the retrievals. The intercomparison helped to further enhance the maturity of the RO record and confirms the climate quality of multi-satellite RO observations towards establishing a GCOS climate data record. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. None eng geoscientificInformation