edu.ucar.opensky::articles:24885 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T22:58:43.993516 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d70z76s7 https://doi.org/10.5285/76ebdc0b-0eed-4f70-b89e-55e606bcd568 https Related Dataset #1 VolcanEESM: Global volcanic sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions database from 1850 to present - Version 1.0 https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/V5R9WV https Related Dataset #2 Model data for: Prediction of Northern Hemisphere regional sea ice extent and snow depth using stratospheric ozone information https://doi.org/10.5065/D6RX99HX https Related Service #1 Cheyenne: SGI ICE XA Cluster On Recent Large Antarctic Ozone Holes and Ozone Recovery Metrics 2021-11-28T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d70z76s7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095232 Stone, K. A. author Solomon, S. author Kinnison, Douglas E. author Mills, Michael J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The 2015 and 2020 ozone holes set record sizes in October-December. We show that these years, as well as other recent large ozone holes, still adhere to a fundamental recovery metric: the later onset of early spring ozone depletion as chlorine and bromine diminishes. This behavior is also captured in the Whole Atmosphere Chemistry Climate Model. We quantify observed recovery trends of the onset of the ozone hole and in the size of the September ozone hole, with good model agreement. A substantial reduction in ozone hole depth during September over the past decade is also seen. Our results indicate that, due to dynamical phenomena, it is likely that large ozone holes will continue to occur intermittently in October-December, but ozone recovery will still be detectable through the later onset, smaller, and less deep September ozone holes: metrics that are governed more by chemical processes. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.e2021GL095232 None eng geoscientificInformation