edu.ucar.opensky::articles:13261 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T03:38:25.244045 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d79887z5 Characterizing sampling biases in the trace gas climatologies of the SPARC Data Initiative 2013-10-27T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d79887z5 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50874 Toohey, M. author Hegglin, M. author Tegtmeier, S. author Anderson, J. author Añel, J. author Bourassa, A. author Brohede, S. author Degenstein, D. author Froidevaux, L. author Fuller, R. author Funke, B. author Gille, John author Jones, A. author Kasai, Y. author Krüger, K. author Kyrölä, E. author Neu, J. author Rozanov, A. author Smith, L. author Urban, J. author von Clarmann, T. author Walker, K. author Wang, R. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Monthly zonal mean climatologies of atmospheric measurements from satellite instruments can have biases due to the nonuniform sampling of the atmosphere by the instruments. We characterize potential sampling biases in stratospheric trace gas climatologies of the Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate (SPARC) Data Initiative using chemical fields from a chemistry climate model simulation and sampling patterns from 16 satellite-borne instruments. The exercise is performed for the long-lived stratospheric trace gases O₃ and H₂O. Monthly sampling biases for O₃ exceed 10% for many instruments in the high-latitude stratosphere and in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere, while annual mean sampling biases reach values of up to 20% in the same regions for some instruments. Sampling biases for H₂O are generally smaller than for O₃, although still notable in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere and Southern Hemisphere high latitudes. The most important mechanism leading to monthly sampling bias is nonuniform temporal sampling, i.e., the fact that for many instruments, monthly means are produced from measurements which span less than the full month in question. Similarly, annual mean sampling biases are well explained by nonuniformity in the month-to-month sampling by different instruments. Nonuniform sampling in latitude and longitude are shown to also lead to nonnegligible sampling biases, which are most relevant for climatologies which are otherwise free of biases due to nonuniform temporal sampling. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2013 American Geophysical Union. None eng geoscientificInformation