edu.ucar.opensky::articles:14260 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T03:25:25.969840 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7ht2q9j The equatorial El Niño-Southern Oscillation Signatures observed by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC from July 2006 to January 2012 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7ht2q9j https://doi.org/10.3319/TAO.2014.02.13.01(A) Sun, Y. author Liu, Jann-yeng author Tsai, H. author Lin, C. author Kuo, Ying-Hwa author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher This paper uses the tropospheric pressure, temperature, and water vapor pressure observed by six micro-satellites of the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) constellation to study El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events from July 2006 to January 2012. The temperature and pressure profiles are used to derive the height, pressure, temperature, and potential temperature of the lapse rate tropopause. Following the calculation of the standard normalized Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and the Niño 3.4 index, the corresponding indices of the four tropopause parameters are derived. Good agreements between the standard and F3/C-derived indices show that the derived indices are significant for monitoring ENSO signatures. With the uniform coverage, the global F3/C profiles are used to construct three-dimensional structures of temperature, pressure, and water vapor pressure to gain a better understanding of tropospheric structures and dynamics during the ENSO events. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2014 Chinese Geoscience Union. None eng geoscientificInformation