edu.ucar.opensky::articles:26667 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T19:24:05.901843 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7wh2v1x https://doi.org/10.5065/D64J0CXB https Related Dataset #1 Solar Maximum Mission Coronagraph-Polarimeter Coronal Images Solar energetic-particle-associated Coronal Mass Ejections observed by the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory Mk3 and Mk4 coronameters 2023-09-12T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7wh2v1x https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-023-02192-9 Richardson, I. G. author St.Cyr, O. C. author Burkepile, Joan R. author Xie, H. author Thompson, B. J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher We report on the first comprehensive study of the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with similar to 25 MeV solar energetic-proton (SEP) events in 1980 - 2013 observed in the low/inner corona by the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO) Mk3 and Mk4 coronameters. Where possible, these observations are combined with space-based observations from the Solar Maximum Mission C/P, P78-1 SOLWIND, or SOHO/LASCO coronagraphs. The aim of the study is to understand directly measured (rather than inferred from proxies) CME motions in the low to midcorona and their association with SEP acceleration, and hence attempt to identify early signatures that are characteristic of SEP acceleration in ground-based CME observations that may be used to warn of impending SEP events. Although we find that SEP events are associated with CMEs that are on average faster and wider than typical CMEs observed by MLSO, a major challenge turns out to be determining reliable estimates of the CME dynamics in the low corona from the 3-min cadence Mk3/4 observations since different analysis techniques can produce inconsistent results. This complicates the assessment of what early information on a possible SEP event is available from these low-coronal observations. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. None eng geoscientificInformation