Identification

Title

Solar flare and geomagnetic storm effects on the thermosphere and ionosphere during 6-11 September 2017

Abstract

The period of 6-11 September 2017 was an active period in which multiple solar flares and a major geomagnetic storm occurred. The two largest flares, an X9.3 and an X8.2, were a disk flare and a limb flare, respectively. We conducted model simulations and data analysis to examine solar flare effects on the coupled thermosphere and ionosphere (TI) system in connection with flare location effects and to investigate the occurrences of large-scale traveling atmosphere disturbances (TADs) due to flares and storms. Soft X-ray enhancement, which dominates E region ionization, is essentially not affected by the location of a flare on the Sun; solar extreme ultraviolet enhancement, which dominates ionization above similar to 150 km, is much weaker for a limb flare compared to a disk flare with the same magnitude. Consequently, flare responses in the lower thermosphere, and ionosphere E region are not affected by flare locations, but above similar to 150 km, the TI system responds more strongly to disk flares than to limb flares. However, our studies show that during the space weather events in September 2017, these flare location effects were masked by other factors including local time and longitude. Large-scale TADs occurred when there were both flares and storms. The presence of the flares changed the magnitudes and propagation speeds of the large-scale TADs. However, there was no evidence that large-scale TADs occurred when there were only flares and not storms, indicating that solar flares alone were not sufficient to excite large-scale TADs.

Resource type

document

Resource locator

Unique resource identifier

code

https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7jd50ws

codeSpace

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

geoscientificInformation

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Text

originating controlled vocabulary

title

Resource Type

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

East bounding longitude

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Temporal reference

Temporal extent

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End position

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2019-03-26T00:00:00Z

Frequency of update

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Conformity

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Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Use constraints

Limitations on public access

None

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

contact position

OpenSky Support

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Library

full postal address

PO Box 3000

Boulder

80307-3000

email address

opensky@ucar.edu

web address

http://opensky.ucar.edu/

name: homepage

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact