Scenario setup and forcing data for impact model evaluation and impact attribution within the third round of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3a)

This paper describes the rationale and the protocol of the first component of the third simulation round of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3a, http://www.isimip.org, last access: 2 November 2023) and the associated set of climate-related and direct human forcing data (CRF and DHF, respectively). The observation-based climate-related forcings for the first time include high-resolution observational climate forcings derived by orographic downscaling, monthly to hourly coastal water levels, and wind fields associated with historical tropical cyclones. The DHFs include land use patterns, population densities, information about water and agricultural management, and fishing intensities. The ISIMIP3a impact model simulations driven by these observation-based climate-related and direct human forcings are designed to test to what degree the impact models can explain observed changes in natural and human systems. In a second set of ISIMIP3a experiments the participating impact models are forced by the same DHFs but a counterfactual set of atmospheric forcings and coastal water levels where observed trends have been removed. These experiments are designed to allow for the attribution of observed changes in natural, human, and managed systems to climate change, rising CH4 and CO2 concentrations, and sea level rise according to the definition of the Working Group II contribution to the IPCC AR6.

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Author Frieler, K.
Volkholz, J.
Lange, S.
Schewe, J.
Mengel, M.
del Rocío Rivas López, M.
Otto, C.
Reyer, C. P. O.
Karger, D. N.
Malle, J. T.
Treu, S.
Menz, C.
Blanchard, J. L.
Harrison, C. S.
Petrik, C. M.
Eddy, T. D.
Ortega-Cisneros, K.
Novaglio, C.
Rousseau, Y.
Watson, R. A.
Stock, C.
Liu, X.
Heneghan, R.
Tittensor, D.
Maury, O.
Büchner, M.
Vogt, T.
Wang, T.
Sun, F.
Sauer, I. J.
Koch, J.
Vanderkelen, I.
Jägermeyr, J.
Müller, C.
Rabin, Sam
Klar, J.
Vega del Valle, I. D.
Lasslop, G.
Chadburn, S.
Burke, E.
Gallego-Sala, A.
Smith, N.
Chang, J.
Hantson, S.
Burton, C.
Gädeke, A.
Li, F.
Gosling, S. N.
Müller Schmied, H.
Hattermann, F.
Wang, J.
Yao, F.
Hickler, T.
Marcé, R.
Pierson, D.
Thiery, W.
Mercado-Bettín, D.
Ladwig, R.
Ayala-Zamora, A. I.
Forrest, M.
Bechtold, M.
Publisher UCAR/NCAR - Library
Publication Date 2024-01-04T00:00:00
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Not Assigned
Alternate Identifier N/A
Resource Version N/A
Topic Category geoscientificInformation
Progress N/A
Metadata Date 2025-07-10T20:05:15.626281
Metadata Record Identifier edu.ucar.opensky::articles:27354
Metadata Language eng; USA
Suggested Citation Frieler, K., Volkholz, J., Lange, S., Schewe, J., Mengel, M., del Rocío Rivas López, M., Otto, C., Reyer, C. P. O., Karger, D. N., Malle, J. T., Treu, S., Menz, C., Blanchard, J. L., Harrison, C. S., Petrik, C. M., Eddy, T. D., Ortega-Cisneros, K., Novaglio, C., Rousseau, Y., Watson, R. A., Stock, C., Liu, X., Heneghan, R., Tittensor, D., Maury, O., Büchner, M., Vogt, T., Wang, T., Sun, F., Sauer, I. J., Koch, J., Vanderkelen, I., Jägermeyr, J., Müller, C., Rabin, Sam, Klar, J., Vega del Valle, I. D., Lasslop, G., Chadburn, S., Burke, E., Gallego-Sala, A., Smith, N., Chang, J., Hantson, S., Burton, C., Gädeke, A., Li, F., Gosling, S. N., Müller Schmied, H., Hattermann, F., Wang, J., Yao, F., Hickler, T., Marcé, R., Pierson, D., Thiery, W., Mercado-Bettín, D., Ladwig, R., Ayala-Zamora, A. I., Forrest, M., Bechtold, M.. (2024). Scenario setup and forcing data for impact model evaluation and impact attribution within the third round of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3a). UCAR/NCAR - Library. https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7gm8cjf. Accessed 26 August 2025.

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