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Solar cycle variations of thermospheric composition at the solstices
We examine the solar cycle variability of thermospheric composition (O/N2) at the solstices. Our observational and modeling studies show that the summer-to-winter latitudinal...- publication PDF
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Observations of heterogeneous reactions between Asian pollution and mineral...
In-situ airborne measurements of trace gases, aerosol size distributions, chemistry and optical properties were conducted over Mexico and the Eastern North Pacific during...- publication PDF
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The Hailpad: Construction and Materials, Data Reduction, and Calibration
This paper examines in detail the materials from which hailpads are constructed, the procedures for reducing hailpad data, and the methods used to calibrate these instruments. A...- publication PDF
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Simulating properties of "seasonal" variability in solar activity and space...
Solar short-term, quasi-annual variability within a decadal sunspot-cycle has recently been observed to strongly correlate with major class solar flares, resulting into quasi-...- publication PDF
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On multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning...
Multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is investigated diagnostically in the NCAR Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3)...- publication PDF
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Similarity theory in the surface layer of large-eddy simulations of the...
Monin–Obukhov similarity theory is applied to the surface layer of large-eddy simulations (LES) of deep Southern Ocean boundary layers. Observations from the Southern Ocean Flux...- publication PDF
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Interactions between land use change and carbon cycle feedbacks
Using the Community Earth System Model, we explore the role of human land use and land cover change (LULCC) in modifying the terrestrial carbon budget in simulations forced by...- publication PDF
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Uncertainty in measured raindrop size distributions from four types of...
Four types (2D-video disdrometer: 2DVD; precipitation occurrence sensor system: POSS; micro-rain radar: MRR; and Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer: JWD) of sixteen instruments were...- publication PDF
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The incorporation of an organic soil layer in the Noah-MP land surface model...
A thick top layer of organic matter is a dominant feature in boreal forests and can impact land-atmosphere interactions. In this study, the multi-parameterization version of the...- publication PDF
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Radar data assimilation with WRF 4D-Var. Part II: Comparison with 3D-Var for...
The Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) system described in Part I of this study is compared with its...- publication PDF
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Fast and sensitive time-multiplexed gas sensing of multiple lines using a...
High-sensitive multi-species detection around 1550 nm using a modulated grating Y-branch, MG-Y, diode laser tunable between 1529 nm and 1565 nm is presented. The MG-Y diode...- publication PDF
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Synthesis of the land carbon fluxes of the Amazon region between 2010 and 2020
The Amazon is the largest continuous tropical forest in the world and plays a key role in the global carbon cycle. Human-induced disturbances and climate change have impacted...- publication PDF
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Cancellation exponents in helical and non-helical flows
Helicity is a quadratic invariant of the Euler equation in three dimensions. As the energy, when present helicity cascades to smaller scales where it dissipates. However, the...- publication PDF
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The 2023 extreme coastal El Niño: Atmospheric and air-sea coupling mechanisms
In the boreal spring of 2023, an extreme coastal El Nino struck the coastal regions of Peru and Ecuador, causing devastating rainfalls, flooding, and record dengue outbreaks....- publication PDF
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Observation and simulation of the development of equatorial plasma bubbles:...
This study investigates the underlying physics of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) on 11 December 2019, under solar minimum conditions. The Global-scale Observations of the Limb...- publication PDF
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On the possible interaction between internal climate variability and forced...
The global warming hiatus does not necessarily mean a hiatus in anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing and forced climate change (FCC). Here we show that both Atlantic...- publication PDF
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Origin of oxidized mercury in the summertime free troposphere over the...
We collected mercury observations as part of the Nitrogen, Oxidants, Mercury, and Aerosol Distributions, Sources, and Sinks (NOMADSS) aircraft campaign over the southeastern US...- publication PDF
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A 49 year hindcast of surface winds over the Iberian Peninsula
The use of hindcast climatic data is quite extended for multiple applications. However, this approach needs the support of a validation process to allow its drawbacks and,...- publication PDF
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Simulation of the formation of a solar active region
We present a radiative magnetohydrodynamics simulation of the formation of an active region (AR) on the solar surface. The simulation models the rise of a buoyant magnetic flux...- publication PDF
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A nonlinear rank regression method for ensemble Kalman filter data assimilation
It is possible to describe many variants of ensemble Kalman filters without loss of generality as the impact of a single observation on a single state variable. For most...- publication PDF
