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The eddy-covariance method is the primary way of measuring turbulent fluxes directly. Many investigators have found that these flux measurements often do not satisfy a...

A new monthly sea surface salinity (SSS) product calculated from profile data within the World Ocean Database (WOD) is compared and contrasted with Aquarius SSS, both standard...

Climate indices based on sea surface temperature (SST) can synthesize information related to physical processes that describe change and variability in continental precipitation...

General circulation models display a wide range of future predicted changes in the Northern Hemisphere winter stratospheric polar vortex. The downward influence of this...

A high-resolution global magnetohydrodynamic simulation is conducted with the Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry (LFM) model for idealized solar wind conditions. Within the simulation results...

Estimates of radiative feedbacks obtained by regressing fluctuations in top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy imbalance and surface temperature depend critically on the sampling...

Very short-lived brominated substances (VSLBr) are an important source of stratospheric bromine, an effective ozone destruction catalyst. However, the accurate estimation of the...

The long-term accurate specification of the Earth's ionospheric states is crucial to scientific research and applications in the space weather community. In the current work, a...

Observed and modeled patterns of lower stratospheric seasonal trends in Antarctic ozone and temperature in the late 20th (1979-2000) and the early 21st (2000-2014) centuries are...

Water is the single most important element of life. Rainfall plays an important role in the spatial and temporal distribution of this precious natural resource, and it has a...

The last solar minimum period was anomalously extended and low in EUV irradiance compared with previous solar minima. It can readily be expected that the thermosphere and the...

Fourteen research flights were conducted with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) C-130 near Christmas Island (2° N, 157° W) during the summer of 2007 as part of...

In this study, a lightning data assimilation method based on the time-lagged ensembles for predicting severe convection is presented. With the lightning data assimilation...

Coincident ocean drifter position and surface wind time series observed on hourly timescales are used to estimate upper ocean dissipation and atmosphere-ocean coupling...

Sunspot records are the only observational tracer of solar activity that provides a fundamental, multicentury reference. Its homogeneity has been largely maintained with a...

Convective snowbands moved slowly over Wyoming and northern Colorado on 16-17 February 2007 and produced up to 71 mm (2.8 in.) of snow that was unpredicted by operational...

This manual represents the first release of the NCAR Graphics Installer's Guide. It is for use with version 2.00 of NCAR Graphics. The material in this manual is intended to be...

The potential ability of an ensemble prediction system (EPS) to represent its own varying forecast error provides strong motivation to produce an EPS over a less expensive...

This report describes work completed on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) project, "Intercomparison of Satellite-Based Global Data Sets with Global...