CONUS404: The NCAR-USGS 4-km long-term regional hydroclimate reanalysis over the CONUS

A unique, high-resolution, hydroclimate reanalysis, 40-plus-year (October 1979-September 2021), 4 km (named as CONUS404), has been created using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model by dynamically downscaling of the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate dataset (ERA5) over the conterminous United States. The paper describes the approach for generating the dataset, provides an initial evaluation, including biases, and indicates how interested users can access the data. The motivation for creating this National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborative dataset is to provide research and end-user communities with a high-resolution, self-consistent, long-term, continental-scale hydroclimate dataset appropriate for forcing hydrological models and conducting hydroclimate scientific analyses over the conterminous United States. The data are archived and accessible on the USGS Black Pearl tape system and on the NCAR supercomputer Campaign storage system.

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Author Rasmussen, Roy M.
Chen, Fei
Liu, Changhai
Ikeda, Kyoko
Prein, Andreas
Kim, Ju-Hye
Schneider, Timothy
Dai, Aiguo
Gochis, David
Dugger, Aubrey L.
Zhang, Ying
Jaye, Abigail B.
Dudhia, Jimy
He, Cenlin
Harrold, Michelle
Xue, Lulin
Chen, Sisi
Newman, Andrew J.
Dougherty, Erin M.
Abolafia-Rosenzweig, Ronnie
Lybarger, Nicholas
Viger, R.
Lesmes, D.
Skalak, K.
Brakebill, J.
Cline, D.
Dunne, K.
Rasmussen, K.
Miguez-Macho, G.
Publisher UCAR/NCAR - Library
Publication Date 2023-08-01T00:00:00
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Not Assigned
Alternate Identifier N/A
Resource Version N/A
Topic Category geoscientificInformation
Progress N/A
Metadata Date 2025-07-11T15:15:49.922497
Metadata Record Identifier edu.ucar.opensky::articles:26601
Metadata Language eng; USA
Suggested Citation Rasmussen, Roy M., Chen, Fei, Liu, Changhai, Ikeda, Kyoko, Prein, Andreas, Kim, Ju-Hye, Schneider, Timothy, Dai, Aiguo, Gochis, David, Dugger, Aubrey L., Zhang, Ying, Jaye, Abigail B., Dudhia, Jimy, He, Cenlin, Harrold, Michelle, Xue, Lulin, Chen, Sisi, Newman, Andrew J., Dougherty, Erin M., Abolafia-Rosenzweig, Ronnie, Lybarger, Nicholas, Viger, R., Lesmes, D., Skalak, K., Brakebill, J., Cline, D., Dunne, K., Rasmussen, K., Miguez-Macho, G.. (2023). CONUS404: The NCAR-USGS 4-km long-term regional hydroclimate reanalysis over the CONUS. UCAR/NCAR - Library. https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7qv3rjp. Accessed 09 November 2025.

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