Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model

Fire is an integral Earth System process that interacts with climate in multiple ways. Here we assessed the parametrization of fires in the Community Land Model (CLM-CN) and improved the ability of the model to reproduce contemporary global patterns of burned areas and fire emissions. In addition to wildfires we extended CLM-CN to account for fires related to deforestation. We compared contemporary fire carbon emissions predicted by the model to satellite-based estimates in terms of magnitude and spatial extent as well as interannual and seasonal variability. Long-term trends during the 20th century were compared with historical estimates. Overall we found the best agreement between simulation and observations for the fire parametrization based on the work by Arora and Boer (2005). We obtained substantial improvement when we explicitly considered human caused ignition and fire suppression as a function of population density. Simulated fire carbon emissions ranged between 2.0 and 2.4 Pg C/year for the period 1997–2004. Regionally the simulations had a low bias over Africa and a high bias over South America when compared to satellite-based products. The net terrestrial carbon source due to land use change for the 1990s was 1.2 Pg C/year with 11% stemming from deforestation fires. During 2000–2004 this flux decreased to 0.85 Pg C/year with a similar relative contribution from deforestation fires. Between 1900 and 1960 we predicted a slight downward trend in global fire emissions caused by reduced fuels as a consequence of wood harvesting and also by increases in fire suppression. The model predicted an upward trend during the last three decades of the 20th century as a result of climate variations and large burning events associated with ENSO-induced drought conditions.

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Copyright Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.


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Author Kloster, S.
Mahowald, N.
Randerson, J.
Thornton, P.
Hoffman, F.
Levis, Samuel
Lawrence, Peter
Feddema, J.
Oleson, Keith
Lawrence, David
Publisher UCAR/NCAR - Library
Publication Date 2010-06-11T00:00:00
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Not Assigned
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Topic Category geoscientificInformation
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Metadata Date 2023-08-18T18:58:27.433793
Metadata Record Identifier edu.ucar.opensky::articles:17060
Metadata Language eng; USA
Suggested Citation Kloster, S., Mahowald, N., Randerson, J., Thornton, P., Hoffman, F., Levis, Samuel, Lawrence, Peter, Feddema, J., Oleson, Keith, Lawrence, David. (2010). Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model. UCAR/NCAR - Library. http://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d75t3mrd. Accessed 18 January 2025.

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