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Temperature trends derived from historical radiosonde data often show substantial differences compared to satellite measurements. These differences are especially large for...

In the Colorado River Basin (CRB), ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) forecasts drive operational planning models that project future reservoir system conditions. CRB...

The space weather monitoring satellite, Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) is on final approach to its observing position 1.5 × 109 m upstream from Earth. There it...

We examine the effect of accuracy of high-order spectral element methods, with or without adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), in the context of a classical configuration of magnetic...

The land surface hydrology of the North American Great Lakes region regulates ecosystem water availability, lake levels, vegetation dynamics, and agricultural practices. In this...

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The direct effects of nuclear war would be horrific, with blasts, fires, and radiation killing and injuring many people. But in 1983, United States and Soviet Union scientists...

The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory has developed an ensemble coupled data assimilation (ECDA) system based on the fully coupled climate model, CM2.1, in order to provide...

Cloud initialization is a challenge in numerical weather prediction. Probably the most relevant observations for this task come from geostationary satellites. These satellites...

Despite their relative rarity, atmospheric rivers are key contributors to the surface mass balance of Antarctica. However, the future role of atmospheric rivers in modulating...

Regional air quality simulations were conducted for summers 2001–2005 in the eastern US and subjected to extensive evaluation using various ground and airborne measurements. A...

The column number density ratio of atomic oxygen to molecular nitrogen (O/N₂ ratio) provided by the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) onboard the Thermosphere, Ionosphere,...

Context. Solar tornados are dynamical, conspicuously helical magnetic structures that are mainly observed as a prominence activity. Aims. We investigate and propose a triggering...

The colonization of land by plants and their interaction with biogeochemical and atmospheric processes transformed continental climate and hydrology. Stomata, which evolved to...

A test procedure is proposed for identifying numerically significant solution changes in evolution equations used in atmospheric models. The test issues a "fail" signal when any...

An extensive set of measurements was made in and around Mexico City as part of the MILAGRO (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations) experiments in March...

Global solar activity variation mainly occurs over about an 11 yr cycle. However, both longer and shorter periodicities than the solar cycle are also present in many different...

Injections of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere are among several proposed methods of solar radiation management. Such injections could cool the Earth's climate. However,...

A new remotely controlled Airborne Vertical Atmospheric Profiling System (AVAPS) dropsonde system has been developed for and deployed on the NASA Global Hawk (GH) unmanned...

This article does not have an abstract or article summary.